Definition and Examples of Catenative Verbs

Definition and Examples of Catenative Verbs In English grammar, a catenative verb is a  verb  that can link with other verbs to form a chain or series. Examples of catenative verbs include  ask,  keep, promise, help,  want, and  seem, among  many others. A catenative verb (also called a chain verb) takes as its  complement  a nonfinite construction (often an infinitive). Huddleston and Pullum point out that the term catenative is applied to the non-finite complement, and also to the verb that licenses it . . . and the construction containing the verb its complement (The Cambridge Grammar of the English Language, 2002). Examples and Observations She had a great many engagements, but  she usually managed to dine at home with her father, and that was about as much society as he cared for.(Willa Cather, Double Birthday. The Forum, 1929)Where is the politician who has not promised to fight to the death for lower taxes- and who has not proceeded to vote for the very spending projects that make tax cuts impossible?(Barry Goldwater, quoted by Wayne A. Root in The Conscience of a Libertarian, 2009)Only North Americans seem to believe that they always should, may, and actually can choose somebody with whom to share their blessings. Ultimately this attitude leads to bombing people into the acceptance of gifts.(Ivan Illich, Celebration of Awareness, 1969)She  had intended to take the Elevated, and naturally she looked in her purse to make certain she had the fare, and was pleased to find forty cents in the coin envelope.(Katherine Anne Porter, Theft. The Gyroscope, 1930)Out of the corners of her eyes she  saw him sit and pull   on his wet shoes.(Richard Wright, Bright and Morning Star. New Masses, 1939)ChainingA catenative verb is a verb that controls a non-finite complement. Catenative means chaining and reflects the way that the verb can link recursively with other catenatives to form a chain, as in:We decided to try to rent a house near the sea. Here there is a chain of three verbs: decide, try and rent, with to try to rent a house near the sea functioning as the catenative complement of decide, and to rent a house near the sea functioning as the catenative complement of try.(Angela Downing, English Grammar: A University Course. Routledge, 2006)Complements of Catenative VerbsThe term catenative is derived from the Latin word for chain, for the construction is repeatable in a way that enables us to form chains of verbs in which all except the last have a non-finite complement:​She seems to want to stop trying to avoid meeting him.Each of the italicized verbs here has a non-finite clause as complement.(Rodney Huddleston and Geoffrey K. Pullum, A Students Introduction to English Grammar. Cambridge University Press, 2006)Also SeeAuxiliary Verb  and  Helping VerbCausative VerbHendiadysRecursionTen Types of Verbs

To what extent is marketing a hindrance or help to democracy in the Essay

To what extent is marketing a hindrance or help to democracy in the 21st century - Essay Example How can we explain the effects of marketing in a democratic political system? This question cannot be addressed without establishing marketing as a concept and its relationship with the dynamic social, technological and economic landscape of the 21st century. The terms, mass-market, consumer culture, commodification, among others, characterize the 21st century societies. This underscored how marketing dominates the public sphere with the advent of technology. Here, the masses are either homogenized and heterogenised by marketing through technologies and media platforms that could deliver messages to a whole population simultaneously and real time. The consumer seduction has been so successful that economic models such as Fordism was able to develop expansionist strategies wherein mass markets have worked against the perpetuation of material class distinctions as economies of scale expanded the size and composition of the consuming population. (Dunn 1998: 119) Schumpeter (1976) talked about this agglomeration of people as some phenomenon that deprives individuals from their capacity to reflect rationally, arguing that when gathered together, people are easily worked into a state of excitement in which primitive impulses, infantilisms and criminal propensities’ replace moral restraints and civilised modes of thinking. (pp. 257) In relating this phenomenon to democracy and politics, we have the fact that leaders compete for votes in the same way that business people compete for customers. Subsequent application of economic theory to politics reached similar, if not identical, conclusions. John Corner and Dick Pels (2003), for instance, drew attention to the impact of imperfect information on political behaviour in a democracy, to quote: In a situation where views of voters are not immediately transparent to parties and party policy is unclear to voters, each has to incur costs in finding out information. Such costs have to be weighed against the benefits of the

Control room Movie Review Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Control room - Movie Review Example Jehane Noujaim has interviewed a number of journalists and producers, like senior producer Sameer Khader, journalist Hassan Ibrahim, and producer Deema Khatib, who had been reporting and managing war news to Al-Jazeera. American correspondents David Shuster from NBC and Tom_Mintier from CNN have also been interviewed. The film shows the time when the war was just about to begin, and when the war occurred, it shows the confinements of a press complex where the viewers see a myriad of foreign news channels, like CNN, NBC, Fox, etc. The film also shows Lt. Josh Rushing, an American serviceman, who reacts differently on seeing Arab military personnel and civilians dead one night, and American military personnel the other night. An American military spokesperson, Brooks, showed a deck of cards with most wanted enemy military personnel. The statue of Saddam Hussein was shown coming down in the square of Baghdad. In short, the film is all about the way Al-Jazeera covered the

The Impact of the Euro Since its Launch Dissertation

The Impact of the Euro Since its Launch - Dissertation Example The currency had also to revive itself from the initial downturn it suffered and later to sustain the growth achieved by it as an international currency. This paper presents the major advantages and disadvantages of the currency as a single currency and the impact it created on the various economic fronts since its inception. The major purpose of introduction of Euro was to take on the challenges of competition posed by the growing attitude of globalization. The other object envisaged by the European Union through the introduction of Euro was to overcome the barriers imposed by the diversities posed by the different economies. These diversities are caused by the conflicting monetary and fiscal policies of the various governments and the multifarious tariffs and restrictions placed on trade and investment. Before the introduction of Euro the euro-zone currencies were greatly influenced by the rise or fall in the rate of US dollar. The introduction and existence of euro has led to the positive impact of alleviating the financial crisis faced by the euro-zone countries since 1998. Further positive effects of the common European currency in the form of price stability, cheaper and better banking facilities, increase in the competitiveness of the industrial enterprises and welfare of the consumers in general have resulted during the last 8 years of the existence. Most generally the vastness of the European internal market with a single currency made Europe a potential competitor to the market of the US.

Atheism Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Atheism - Essay Example The paper mainly intends to focus on the nature of the universe and the relation between the supernatural and the scientific world. Despite of belonging to different religions, the four authors mentioned in the article, that the existence of God is merely a subject of just talking. It shows that they believe God does not exist in this world of science. On further note with respect to the article, it was revealed that, some think God is a creature like human beings while the other thinks God to be fictional. On contrary, few believe that, the existence of God would have been abolished, if did not have invented verbal language. Furthermore, the article reflects about history, which tends to reveal about theists and the atheists endures executed atrocities. Correspondingly, this article has provided valuable information with regard to the existence of God. In accordance with the article, existence of God is viewed as a system of symbol and purpose among others. Furthermore, this particu lar article has revealed, that view of the authors remain the same despite of their belonging to differentiated religion. THESIS STATEMENT Thesis Statement has intended to show the motive or the objectives of the article. The article has reviewed about the varying views of people regarding the organized religion and the existence of God. ... In the article the two of the authors i.e., Anthony Lowenstein and Jane Caro are atheists and are providing their views with regard to the existence of God. This particular assignment intends to study the utilities of Atheism in certain areas and how it can be used to relate with this assignment. A detailed study about the utilities of atheism has been revealed in this paper. There always exist some atheists in every religion as seen in the given article. They oppose the views of the theists in the community. These subjects have been tried to elaborated and described in the discussion related to this assignment. Various aspects about the belief in God and the religion have been the major objective of this assignment. DISCUSSION The prime important topic of the article is the debate on the organized religion and the existence of God. It has given various ideologies regarding the topic. In the given article it has been observed that some people believe, in the existence of God, while s ome people believe that God is an entity like human beings and some said that God is a fiction in any form. The participants of the debate gave a similar ideology of non- existence of God despite of belonging to different religion. The targeted audiences in the debate were the people who had visited the debate program. With reference to the given article, two of the authors believe that God does not exist as they consider themselves as atheists. While the others; Simon Smart, who is a Christian and Rachel Woodlock a Muslim, believes that there is existence of God. In this stand, they were termed as theists. Atheism is the lack of belief in God. In the article the two atheist authors have tried to compare God with many things as man like entity, a fiction or certain

TV Series Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

TV Series - Research Paper Example However, these days, there are various services that would allow that individual to watch any episodes they missed, including the DVR. The DVR allows individuals to record a program, which they can watch at a later time. The availability to services like Netflix, Hulu Plus and Amazon which provide similar features, also contribute to this lack of urgency. In a brief description, a television program is a segment of content intended for broadcast on television; the United States uses an audience measurement system developed by the Nielsen Company, in an effort to determine the size of the audience and the arrangement of television programming. This decline in television ratings affects the life span of the shows themselves. I always pondered the question of how a TV show makes money, and then I read an article about TV Commercials which are a span of television programming produced and paid for by an organization, which conveys a message, usually to advertise a product or service. From what I understood companies look at TV ratings to see if they have something to gain from advertising within the specific TV program. This research is worth a lot of money. Advertising companies pay to air their advertisements on TV programs using the information interpreted from Nielsens figures. Network executives also use Nielsens figures to see if scheduling decisions are paying off or not. Just because a show has millions of viewers don’t always mean that it is successful, it may make it popular to certain crowds but in order to be a financial success it needs to be above the network average and stable. Thats why some shows with a steadfast fan base still get canceled (How TV ratings work). In 2011 Comcast, the No. 1 cable company has launched their on-demand podium Xfinity TV on Demand, in an effort to compete against DirecTV and Netflix making Comcast the only pay TV provider to offer recent episodes from existing shows from all the

Short answer paragraphs Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Short answer paragraphs - Assignment Example Most Americans cannot afford the insurance coverage because the health care costs are high. The result is many Americans survive without the needed care that puts them at risks of various health problems. Costs for health rise as the needed treatment costs are above what would have been used to prevent the problem (Cebul 2008). A Health indicator is a characteristic that can be measured in an individual so as describe an aspect of health. Body mass index compares the weight, relative to height and age, against the measures of a healthy weight. It helps decide if interventions are needed. It refers to how societies compensate for the health care. The different options depend on the resources devoted on to them that eventually determine the amount and quality of care given to people. Some options may provide for the most advanced care while others compensate for basic care only. Medicaid is a government funded program that provides health care for low income families and those with limited resources. Those eligible to be beneficiaries can be children with disabilities, pregnant women, or parents of eligible women. Individuals in difficult conditions i.e. disabled and poor, have all their entire problems taken care of. For better services in future, beneficiaries can be asked to contribute back some share later in life when they have the capability (Cebul 2008). Increased costs of health care are due to the excess use of medical resources by patients and high costs associated charged by medics for fear of malpractice suits. The patients should be asked to take charge of their medical purchasing options. The health care system is unsuccessful because insurance dulls peoples’ consumer instincts. When medical care tends to be cheap or free, people do not shop around for other options. People do not also think otherwise before visiting the